Northern Climate Change Schools Program
Lesson Plan


How to Interconnect Your School to the Grid!
Sir John Franklin High School Solar Initiative

About two months ago my Grade 11 biology class and I were doing a unit on alternative energy in conjunction with the Northern Climate ExChange. We started working with small photovoltaic kits bought with funding supplied by the NCE. The idea was to expose students to alternative energies. Students were excited about the chance to see how solar panels work in small practical applications. In addition, the class had the opportunity to build a working hydrogen fuel cell, which was also purchased with funding from the NCE.

The CBC North television documentary on alternative energies called "POWER TRIP", and a CBC Northbeat news story about the first fuel cell in the NWT featured our students assembling and demonstrating a cell.

As part of the agreement with the Northern Climate ExChange, student projects were started. It was at this time that I showed the video titled 'Turning Down The Heat' from the Climate Change Awareness and Action Kit (Pembina Institute). Following the video a classroom discussion ensued. After some time the question arose...

"Is it possible for NWT residences and/or businesses with solar and or wind generating equipment to interconnect with the grid and use this generated electricity for standby, or possible sale back to the utility company?"

The students wrote a letter to Peter Watt at the NWT Power Corporation. The letter read:

Wednesday February 6th, 2002

Dear Sir or Madam:

We have a question concerning solar power in the Northwest Territories. As individuals who purchase power we are exploring the possibilities in which NWT residents can reduce their power bills in the sunny summer months. We are exploring the practicality of solar panels (for home use) that could be tied directly into the grid power coming into a house. The installation of the system would occur before the power meter so savings could be monitored. We have heard that NWT Power will not credit users for extra energy that is put back into the grid. We are wondering if this is indeed the case. In addition, is feeding safe power back into the grid acceptable to the NWT Power Corporation? Many European communities have had this type of system for years, and the technology is safe an proven if installed by professionals. In fact these "grid feeding systems" are available commercially many places in the world. Could you please send us the information regarding your policy on grid-supplemented power?

Thank you,
Biology 20 Class
Sir John Franklin High School, Yellowknife, NWT

Students: Julia Pin, Ashley St. Germaine, Amber Jeannotte, Duntin Milligan, Stewart Saul, Dan Clarck
Teacher: Wade Carpenter

Peter Watt, Public Relations Officer with the NWT Power Corporation, responded:

...The Corporation does have a policy concerning connection of privately owned generation equipment. The following is taken directly from that policy statement:

'If a customer with privately owned generation facilities wishes to interconnect with the Corporation facilities for purposes of standby, or sale of power, the Corporation may enter into an agreement for such purchase of power and/or interconnection. The interconnection will be subject to specific restrictions to ensure the safety and protection of Corporation property and equipment, operating personnel and the general public. The price paid by the Corporation for Privately generated power shall be subject to specific terms and conditions.'

At this time I do not believe we have any residential customers who have such an arrangement in place with the Corporation. The cost effectiveness of doing so is not usually attractive.

Another option is for customers to install separate applications such as hot water systems that take advantage of solar energy and are installed as part of the home's electrical system.

Hope this information helps. Please don't hesitate to contact me if you require further assistance.

Regards,
Peter

Upon receiving this response we decided as a class that we should explore the idea of grid interconnection.

The materials supplied by The Northern Climate ExChange excited my students about alternative energies and in the end we decided that our collective energies would best be spent working towards a central class project that could truly effect change.

We set as our goal the establishment of a solar panel array on our school roof. This array would interconnect with the grid.


PROJECT DESCRIPTION

The 'Sir John Franklin Solar Initiative' proposes to be the first Grid Tied system (interconnection) established in the Northwest Territories. We propose to use proven grid interconnection technology together with a photovoltaic array as the power source.

The energy from the system will be used for standby supplement power to our school and/or sale of power back to the utility company.

Long term goals: Sharing of our 'Interconnection Initiative Program with other Northwest Territories schools, with the hope of using our proposed system as a model for interconnection by other northern schools.

Long term monitoring will be carried out in conjunction with Northland Utilities and the Arctic Energy Alliance to ascertain the viability and cost effectiveness of 'Grid Tie-In Systems' in the Northwest Territories.

Educational goals: Emphasis will be placed on student involvement and hands on leaning related to long-term project analysis. The present initiative overlaps with the current school curricula addressing alternative energies and global climate change.

Community education addressing alternative energies will be aggressively targeted.

Community Outreach and Educational objectives for the 'Sir John Franklin Solar Initiative' will be available from various websites upon project completion. These sites include the Northern Climate Change Schools Program and the Sir John Franklin High School home page.

So far, the enthusiastic go ahead from our school administration, the positive NWT Power Corp response and a series of funding possibilities have followed has stirred great excitement in my students and me.


FUNDING YOUR SCHOOL ALTERNATIVE ENERGY PROGRAM

Fund raising does not always mean bake sales!

Matching Program

At our school we started with a $500 donation from our Ecology Club. We approached our science department and asked for a match of $500. We then approached school administrators for a match of $1000. We are currently at the next step of approaching the superintendent of Yellowknife Education District #1 for a match of $2000.

Without going to Government we have already (in theory) raised $4000.

We have identified two federal funding sources for alternative energy initiatives and are currently filling out proposals.

This is a summary of the RETCAP Program:

The Government of the Northwest Territories encourages the efficient use of energy and the utilization of northern resources in a manner consistent with the economic and social well being of residents. To assist organizations in achieving these goals, the Renewable Energy Technology Conversion Assistance Program (RETCAP) is available to support projects that convert conventional electrical and heat energy systems to renewable energy systems. Territorial, municipal and Aboriginal departments, boards and agencies, commercial businesses and private residential homeowners are eligible for funding assistance under the program.

Eligible projects include the purchase of a new system or the conversion of existing equipment to alternate energy sources in stand-alone or hybrid systems. A detailed listing of eligible renewable energy technologies is included in these guidelines.

For more information on the Renewable Energy Technology Conversion Assistance Program or other initiatives undertaken through the Environmental Protection Service, contact:

Environmental Protection Service
Department of Resources, Wildlife and Economic Development
600, 5102 -- 50 Avenue
Yellowknife NT X1A 3S8
Telephone: (867) 873-7654
Fax: (867) 873-0221

Here is the contact information for the RECAP Program:

Renewable Energy Capacity Building Program (RECAP)
Ron Alward, Project Manager -- Technical Support

Natural Resources Canada
CANMET Energy Diversification Research Laboratory (CEDRL)
1615, Lionel-Boulet
Varennes, QC J3X 1S6

Telephone: (450) 652-7102
Fax: (450) 652-5177
E-mail: ralward@nrcan.gc.ca
Website: http://cedrl.mets.nrcan.gc.ca/


TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR PROJECT

System Overview

Array Configuration
40 x 50 Watt Panels
Roof Mounted
Azimuth 180° (South)
Sloped at 45°

Grid Tied
No Battery Storage
Inverter with MPPT
Estimated Production: 2,416 kWh

Anticipated Data Collection

Directly measured parameters
Array DC voltage
Array DC current
Inverter AC Power output
System AC kWh's delivered

Computed parameters
Array DC output Power
Inverter efficiency
Array Efficiency
Monthly power production

Project Objectives

Performance data for Solar Array and Inverter
Better understanding of daily and seasonal variations -- how would it complement a conventional power plant?
First hand experience with components and complete system.(see 'Educational Goals' above)


RESOURCES

Alternative Energy Websites

Books, magazines

Climate Change Awareness and Action Education Kit
Dave Mussell, Juleta Severson-Baker and Tracey Diggins
1999 The Pembina Institute for Appropriate Development
(Including TURNING DOWN THE HEAT, Suzuki Foundation)

The Real Goods Solar Living Source Book, The Complete Guide to Renewable Energy Technologies & Sustainable Living
John Schaeffer , Edited by Doug Pratt and The Real Good Staff (ninth edition)
1996 Real Goods Trading Corporation

Home Power: The Hands-On Journal of Home-Made Power
Issue #86, December 2001/ January 2002
2001 Home Power, Inc

Technology Review, Special Issue ENERGY
Mit's Magazine of Innovation
Feburary 2002
Editor and Chief: John Benditt

Canadian Journal of Environmental Education, Volume 6, 2001
Editor: Bob Jickling, Yukon College
2001 Canadian Network for Environmental Education and Communication (EECOM) and Yukon College

Stormy Weather- 101 Solutions to Global Climate Change
Guy Dauncey with Patrick Mazza
2001, New Society Publishers

Special Thanks To:

David Suzuki for his words of encouragement to me when the project was emerging, and for inspiring students at the Interchange on Canadian Studies (ICS Conference) in Yellowknife April 2002.

Bob Bromley (Ecology North, Yellowknife), for his support and contacts in both public and private arenas.

Greg Haist, a manager from NWT Power, and Alex Love (engineer, NWT Power) for the permission to use engineered approved plans for our solar initiative. This gesture of good will saved us both large amount of time and money, without them the initiative would not see completion this school year, my students are grateful.

 

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